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What are the default IP addresses of the wireless devices that Miro sells?  |
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SENAO - 192.168.1.1/2
Acconet - 192.168.2.1
Buffalo - 192.168.11.1
Ubiquiti - 192.168.1.20
Linksys - 192.168.1.1
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| What does LOS mean? |
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Line-of-sight.
Line-of-sight refers to electro-magnetic radiation including light emissions travelling in a straight line. The rays or waves are diffracted, refracted, reflected, or absorbed by atmosphere and obstructions with material and generally cannot travel over the horizon or behind obstacles.
Answer by: Warren Phillips |
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| What does EIRP mean? |
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Equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) or, alternatively, Effective isotropically radiated power.
It is the amount of power that an antenna would emit to produce the peak power density observed in the direction of maximum antenna gain. EIRP can take into account the losses on the cable and connectors and includes the gain of the antenna.
Answer by: Warren Phillips
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| What does dBi mean? |
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dB(isotropic) — the forward gain of an antenna compared to the hypothetical isotropic antenna, which evenly distributes energy in all directions.
Answer by: Warren Phillips
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| What does dBm mean? |
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dB(mW) — power relative to 1 milliwatt.
i.e.
15 dBm = 32 milliwatts
16 dBm = 40 milliwatts
17 dBm = 50 milliwatts
18 dBm = 63 milliwatts
19 dBm = 79 milliwatts
20 dBm = 100 milliwatts
21 dBm = 126 milliwatts
22 dBm = 158 milliwatts
23 dBm = 200 milliwatts
24 dBm = 251 milliwatts
25 dBm = 316 milliwatts
26 dBm = 400 milliwatts
28 dBm = 631 milliwatts
29 dBm = 800 milliwatts
30 dBm = 1 watt
Answer by: Warren Phillips
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| What does SNR mean? |
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Signal-to-noise ratio.
The signal-to-noise ratio compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise. The higher the ratio, the less obtrusive the background noise is. If you have a good SNR you will have a fast & stable network.
Answer by: Warren Phillips
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| What is the Fresnel zone? |
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The area around the visual line-of-sight that radio waves spread out into after they leave the antenna. This area must be clear or else signal strength will weaken.
Answer by: Warren Phillips
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| I want to buy some wireless kit from you - how do I know how far it will go? |
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| There are many factors that determine the distance of a wireless link, such as frequency (2.4GHz or 5.8GHz), power output of your equipment (measured in Milliwatts), and the gain of your antenna (measured in Decibels). We have a really great set of calculators under the 'Support' section of our website, but for the best information, just give us a call so that one of our technicians can help you. |
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| WPA Encryption doesn't work on my Ubiquiti Nanostation, what can I do? |
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| According to Ubiquiti, there is an issue with the encryption at this point in time. They are actively working to rectify it, but in the meantime, you can use WPA2-TKIP as a viable alternative. |
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| Where should I place the Base Station? |
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| The Base station should be placed at a high point, where the maximum number of clients can see it. It could be a rooftop of a high building, a tower, etc. |
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| Is there special license required to use your equipment? |
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| The equipment operates in the license-free ISM band. However, type approval certificates might be required for the radio devices in some countries. Some countries require to obtain a permit to use the frequency. |
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| What is Fresnel Zone? |
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| Fresnel Zone is the area around the line of sight that radio waves spread out. This area must be clear of obstacles. Otherwise the signal strength is going to be weakened. For example, in the middle of a 16km link at 5.8GHz, 60% of the fresnel zone is a circle of about 8.7m radius. It is 13.6m at 2.4GHz for the same distance link. |
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| Can the bandwidth of each client be limited? |
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| Yes, the limitation can be done at each client site or centrally by the queuing option of the MikroTik Router OS. |
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| What are the ISM frequencies for South Africa? |
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| 802.11b/g can run from 2400MHz - 2483.5MHz and 802.11a can run from 5470MHz to 5725MHz. |
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| Why do I not get 54Mbps for my 54Mbps link? |
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| Most network traffic is bi-directional. So even when simply downloading a file from the Internet there is a steady stream of traffic from the Server to the PC and then there is a steady stream of acknowledgements from the PC back to the server. so traffic is moving in both directions, both nodes transmitting and they have to take care not to conflict with each other. So as more nodes are added, there is more potential for collisions. More collisions means more overhead. |
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| What is the difference between 802.11a,b and g? |
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| 802.11b/g are frequencies in die 2.4GHz spectrum. b referring to 11Mbps and g to 54Mbps. 802.11a is working in the 5.8GHz spectrum. |
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| If I want to cancel out interference, can I only turn one antenna horizontal? |
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No, you need to turn both your antennas horizontal.
If it is a point to multi point, you need to turn all the antennas that are connecting to your tower. |
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| I created the perfect firewall on my MikroTik, how can I use it on other MikroTik systems? |
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| Under new terminal, type IP Firewall export file= yourName. yourName being any name. Under Files your will see yourName.rcs, open it with Notepad. Select all the rules you want to copy and paste it in new terminal on your new board. |
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| On my Hotspot in MikroTik, it says Radius server is not responding when users try to log in. Am I Missing something? |
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| Under your radius tab, check that the IP put chose is an IP adress that is on your board. Also check in user manager that you used the same IP under routers. |
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| Do I use a straight or cross over cable from a PoE to the CPE? |
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| From your network to your PoE, you use a cross over and from the PoE to your CPE you use a straight cable. |
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| Under web proxy settings. What is recommended Always from cache? |
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1) When yes,
always-from-cache (yes | no; default: no) - ignore client refresh requests if the content is considered fresh
2) Cache-on-disk=yes, proxy cache is saved on disk.
cache-on-disk=no, proxy cache is saved on RAM.
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| Can RouterOS run on Windows? |
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| No, RouterOS is a linux based Operating System. |
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| What is the pinout of the MikroTik console cables? |
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| It is 9-pin, female to female, cross over. Also referred to as a Laplink cable. |
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| What is the default username and password on a NanoStation? |
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| If you log in through the default IP 192.168.1.20, the username and password is "ubnt" for both fields. |
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| Can I set my RouterBoard to reboot once a day? |
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| Yes. Firstly, make sure that you have an NTP server to keep the time on your RouterBoard after every reboot. Click on System - Scheduler, set your start date and start time. Under interval, make it 24:00:00. Now it will reboot every 24hrs. |
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| What is the length of CAT5 Cable that I can use when powering up a device using PoE? |
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| The length of cable you can use depends on the voltage requirements of the device you are powering. If you are using a 12v – 18v power supply, the length of cable you can use would be around 30m. When using a 48v power supply, a full 90m of cable shouldn’t be a problem. |
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| How do I set up 48V Solar Panels? |
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Linking 12V units up in parallel, will give you a 12V system.
If you are looking for a 48V system, you need to connect them in series. |
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You must use a 48 volt charge regulator & 24 volt batteries in series.
Answer by: Warren Phillips
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| What is the difference between UTP and STP? What is outdoor CAT5? |
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UTP is Unshielded Twisted Pair. It doesn't have any shielding to protect it from electrical interference.
STP is Shielded Twisted Pair. It has a shield on the inside to protect it from electrical interference.
Outdoor CAT5 or UV protected CAT5 has a UV protective shield on the outside. |
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| With PoE, on which wires does the power run? |
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1,2,3 and 6 are your data wires.
4,5,7 and 8 are for power. |
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| What is a VPN? |
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| Virtual Private Network. It allows you to dial into your office network from any internet connection. |
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| What is DMZ? |
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| Demilitarized Zone. It is a host inserted as a neutral zone between a company's network and the internet. It serves as an extra layer of protection. |
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| What is a smart switch? |
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| It is a switch that negotiates between cross over and straight cables. |
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| How do I crimp a cross over cable? |
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| One side you crimp orange white, orange, green white, blue, blue white, green, brown white, brown. And on the ohter side you crimp green white, green, orange white, blue, blue white orange, brown white, brown. |
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| How do I crimp a straight cable? |
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| On both sides you crimp orange white, orange, green white, blue, blue white, green, brown white, brown. |
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| Which Digium card can I use for a normal Telkom or Premicell lines? |
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| The Digium TDM cards are your best bet for this sort of solution. There is a 4 port, 8 port, and a 24 port variant of the analog based Digium cards. |
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| which point do I use a BRI (Basic Rate ISDN) card in my telephone network? |
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| If you have a BRI line coming in from Telkom, you can use this line to make phone calls out to the Telkom network. At this point you will need a BRI Digium card in order to terminate the BRI line into your Asterisk PABX server. |
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| At which point do I use a PRI (Primary Rate ISDN) card in my telephone network? |
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| If you have a PRI line/s coming in from Telkom, you can use this line to make phone calls out to the Telkom network. At this point you will need a PRI Digium card in order to terminate the PRI line/s into your Asterisk PABX server. These cards range from single port, through to four port variants. |
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| Do I need to have a Telkom line to use Asterisk? |
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| You will not need to have a Telkom line installed in order to use Asterisk. Asterisk can still be used to make calls internally between your local VoIP telephones. You can also connect your Asterisk server to an International VoIP service provider, so as to break out to the PSTN network. |
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| What is the default IP on Grandstream Gateway? |
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| 192.168.0.160 |
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| What power supply do I need to power my POE compatible VOIP phone? |
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| 802.3af(PoE) as a standard is 48v. Should your manufacturer state differently, please use the power supply required in the manual. |
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| Can Digium products work with any other software besides Asterisk? |
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| Yes, there are various Open source packages that are compatible with Digium hardware. |
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| How many simultaneous calls can you make on a SNOM-M3? |
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| You can make 3 simultaneous calls. |
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| How many SNOM-M3's can you register on one dect. |
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| You can have up to 8 handsets registered on one base set. |
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| What is the difference between FXO and FXS? |
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FXO (Foreign Exchange Office) is used to connect to your PSTN.
FXS (Foreign Exchange Station) is used to add analog phones to your VoIP system. |
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| Why is my Granstream not able to use IVR's? |
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| You must set your DTMF mode to in audio. |
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| If I put FXS modules in my Asterisk box, it picks them up as FXO. Why? |
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FXS modules transmits power and FXO modules receives power.
Make sure that you have power connected to your TDM base card. |
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| Do I need to buy an Asterisk system if I only need to have one remote extension? |
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| No, using two Grandstream HT503's, you can bind the FXO port of the one to the FXS port of the other one. |
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| What is the Craft port on the Asterisk Appliance? |
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It is a serial port that uses a RJ45 connection to save space.
You will use a DB9 - RJ45 cable to connect to it. |
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| Can I use 3rd party billing software with the GS-GXE-5024? |
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| Yes, you can download all call records from the GS-GXE-5024 in a .csv format. |
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| Whats the most keypad extension buttons I can run on a Snom 320/360/370 with an Expansion module? |
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| You can run 89 extensions when using any of the above phones with an Expansion module. |
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| How do I reset my Linksys ATA? |
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| Dial ****. When you hear the voice menu, enter 73738 and press 1 to confirm. |
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| How to install G729 codec |
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| Backing up a G729 license
It is extremely important that you backup all of the files located in the /var/lib/asterisk/licenses directory. This directory contains the Host-ID specific license files for your system. These license files are tied to the MAC address of all the ethernet devices installed in your system. Creating a backup of this directory will allow you to restore your G.729 license file in case you need to reinstall your operating system. This will help prevent the need to contact Digium to request authorization to increment your G.729 key and from needing to purchase a new G.729 key if you exceed the maximum number of G.729 key increments allowed.
1. Open WinSCP
2. Navigate to the /var/lib/asterisk/licenses directory
3. Copy the G.729 license file to your Windows machine, via drag and drop.
Instaling G.729 codec
1) Download and execute the register utility to generate a valid license.
1.1) Download the register utility to the root home directory of your Asterisk server
cd /root
wget http://downloads.digium.com/pub/register/x86-32/register
1.2) Change the permissions of the /root/register file to r-x------.
chmod 500 /root/register
1.3) Run the register utility and follow the interactive instructions. The registration utility will prompt you for your G.729 license key.
/root/register
2) Download and execute the benchg729 utility to determine the optimum build.
2.1) Download the benchg729 utility to the root home directory of your server.
cd /root
wget http://downloads.digium.com/pub/telephony/codec_g729/benchg729/x86-32/benchg729-1.0.7-x86_32 -O benchg729
2.2) Change the permissions of the /root/benchg729 file to r-x------.
chmod 500 /root/benchg729
2.3) Run the benchg729 utility and record the build that it recommends should be used for your platform.
/root/benchg729
3) Use the 'G.729 Selector' web utility to determine the recommended G.729 codec binary download package.
http://www.digium.com/en/docs/G729/g729-download.php
The file that the G.729 Selector web utility informs you is recommended for your platform should be the file that you use in place of the examples provided in step 4 of this section.
4) Download and install the codec_g729 binary that is built for your platform.
4.1) Download G.729 to the root home directory of your Asterisk server, replacing 'pentium4m' in the example with the recommended build and '_32' in the example with your CPU architecture.
cd /root
wget http://downloads.digium.com/pub/telephony/codec_g729/asterisk-1.6.0/x86-32/[The selected Codec file name]
4.2) Expand the codec_g729 archive and copy the codec_g729a.so file to the usr/lib/asterisk/modules directory.
tar -zxvf codec_g729a-1.6.0_3.1.2-pentium4m_32.tar.gz
cp /root/codec_g729a-1.6.0_3.1.2-pentium4m/codec_g729a.so /usr/lib/asterisk/modules
4.3) The G.729 codec binary must be loaded in order to initialize your new G.729 licensed channels.
asterisk -rx "module load codec_g729a.so"
4.4) Verify that the number of G.729 licensed channels available to Asterisk matches the number of G.729 licensed channels that you purchased
asterisk -rvvv
g729 show licenses
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| What exactly does it mean when a camera specifies that it is "Vandal Proof"? |
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| Special measures have been put into place with the cameras design, specifically to combat vandalism. The cameras usually need a specific Allen-Key to open them, rather than a conventional Screw Driver. The glass domes on the dome cameras are also coated in a special film so as to protect against spray paint. If someone sprays paint onto the glass covering, it just runs off. |
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| What is the difference between CMOS and CCD |
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CCD lenses are more sensitive and will produce better image.
CMOS lenses are less expensive, but better than CCD when capturing images in very light conditions. |
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| With what PoE do you power up the Vivotek cameras? |
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| The Vivotek cameras support 802.3af, which is 48V PoE. |
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| What power supply do I need to power my POE compatible VOIP phone? |
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| 802.3af is 48V PoE. |
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| What is the focal length of the VI-PZ7151? |
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f=2.8mm -7.3mm (2.6x optical zoom)
Answer by: Warren Phillips |
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| What is the focal length of the VI-SD6122V? |
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f=4mm -40mm (10x optical zoom)
Answer by: Warren Phillips |
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| What is the focal length of the VI-PZ6122? |
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f=4mm -40mm (10x optical zoom)
Answer by: Warren Phillips |
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| What is the focal length of the VI-IP7251? |
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f=2.9mm -8.2mm (3x optical zoom)
Answer by: Warren Phillips |
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| What is the focal length of the VI-IP7151? |
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f=2.9mm -8.2mm (3x optical zoom)
Answer by: Warren Phillips |
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| What is the focal length of the VI-FD7131? |
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f=2mm -4mm
Answer by: Warren Phillips |
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| What is the focal length of the VI-FD6121V? |
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f=3.6mm -9mm
Answer by: Warren Phillips |
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| What voltage does the Vivotek cameras take? |
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12 volts on the DC jack & 48 volts on PoE.
Answer by: Warren Phillips |
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| What is focal length? Why do I want to know the focal length of a camera? |
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| Focal length is the amount of scene a camera can see left and right. The smaller the focal length, the more scene will be visible. For a larger focal length, you will have a smaller scene view. |
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| Do I need to use a video server if I’m setting up more than 10 IP cameras? |
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| No, the video server is used to convert Analog cameras to IP. |
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| How many cameras can I run on a solar system? |
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The Vivotek cameras use between 200 and 600mA.
A 10A regulator with a 102Ah battery should run 10 Vivotek cameras for about a day without sunlight. |
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| Can you have a command registered on a miss call on a GSM commander? |
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| The GSM Commander allows for Digital input, missed call and SMS input. |
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Submit your technical Question now!
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